Calcium Thiab Magnesium Hauv Zaub Mov Kom Zoo Noj. Txiv Qaub Chiv

2024 Tus sau: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:50

Vim li cas cov av xau (ntu 2)

The Nyeem thawj feem ntawm kab lus

Calcium nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus cog

Cov nyhuv ntawm cov av acidity ntau ntxiv tsis yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag xwb, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev cia siab ntawm lwm cov ntawv hauv cov av daws, ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov as-ham thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm cov av. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj calcium, raws li kev cog qoob loo rau cov nroj tsuag, cov nplooj ntoo loj hlob yog inhibited. Lub teeb daj me me tshwm rau lawv (chloroticity), tom qab ntawd cov nplooj tuag tawm, thiab yav dhau los tsim (nrog rau kev noj zaub mov ua kom tsis muaj calcium ntau dua yav dhau los) nplooj tseem nyob.

Tsis zoo li magnesium, nplooj qub muaj cov calcium ntau dua li cov hluas, vim tias nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab siv hauv cov nroj tsuag. Raws li cov nplooj hnub nyoog, cov calcium nyob rau hauv lawv nce. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov calcium uas nkag rau hauv av rov qab nrog nplooj poob, saum lossis quav. Cov calcium ntau ntxiv cov metabolism hauv cov nroj tsuag, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txav ntawm cov carbohydrates, cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj nitrogenous, ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cia cov protein nyob hauv cov noob thaum lawv cov noob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa cell ib txwm thiab rau kev tsim kom muaj dej siab acid-puag nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag.

Er's Gardener phau ntawv ntaw Cov chaw zov me nyuam Lub khw muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau tsev neeg thaum caij ntuj sov

Cov calcium nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntsev ntawm pectic acid, sulfate, carbonate, phosphate thiab calcium oxalate. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws hauv nroj tsuag (los ntawm 20 txog 65%) yog soluble hauv dej, thiab qhov seem tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm nplooj los ntawm kev kho mob nrog cov kua qaub qaug zog. Nws nkag rau cov nroj tsuag thaum lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev ua kom nquag plias. Nyob rau hauv muaj nitrate nitrogen nyob rau hauv kev daws, nws nkag mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag nce, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ammonia nitrogen, vim hais tias antagonism ntawm Ca2 + thiab NH4 + cations, nws txo.

Hydrogen ions thiab lwm qhov kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam rau kev nkag mus ntawm calcium ntawm lawv qhov kev kub siab hauv cov tshuaj av. Cov nroj tsuag sib txawv nyias txawv tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv no. Nrog cov qoob loo siab, cov qoob loo cog qoob loo nqa nws hauv cov khoom hauv qab no (hauv grams CaO ib 1 m²): lis - 2-4, legumes - 4-6; qos yaj ywm, lupines, pob kws, beets - 6-12; perennial legumes - 12-25; zaub qhwv - 30-50. Feem ntau ntawm cov calcium txhua yam yog noj los ntawm zaub qhwv, alfalfa thiab clover. Cov qoob loo no tseem yog cim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam zoo heev rau cov av acidity.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau calcium thiab lawv cov kev sib piv rau cov av acidity tsis yeej ib txwm coincide. Yog li, tag nrho cov qhob cij nqus tau cov calcium me me, tab sis lawv sib txawv ntawm qhov rhiab heev rau qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid - rye thiab oats zam nws zoo, thaum barley thiab nplej tsis. Qos yaj ywm thiab lupines tsis rhiab rau acidity siab, tab sis lawv haus cov calcium uas ntau ntau. Tsis zoo li magnesium, calcium pom tsawg dua hauv cov noob thiab ntau ntxiv hauv nplooj thiab qia. Yog li, feem ntau ntawm cov calcium uas noj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov av tsis yog alienated, tab sis los ntawm kev pub thiab khib nws nkag rau cov quav thiab rov qab nrog nws rau lub caij ntuj sov tsev.

Qhov poob ntawm calcium los ntawm cov av tshwm sim tsis ntau npaum li nws tau tshem tawm nrog cov qoob loo, tab sis ua rau xau. Qhov poob ntawm qhov no los ntawm cov av zoo heev nce nrog acidification. 10-50 g ntawm CaO los ntawm 1 m² yog ntxuav tawm txhua xyoo. Tsib xyoos tom qab, los ntawm lub sijhawm rov liming, coj mus rau hauv tus account txhua xyoo tshem tawm cov calcium los ntawm cov nroj tsuag (20-50 g / m²), nws muaj qhov tsis muaj cov kua qaub ntxiv rau hauv ib koob ntawm 400-600 g / m² hauv av Cov. Ntawm cov calcium-tsis zoo acidic lub cev thiab cov av xuab zeb loam, thaum cog cov zaub pob, alfalfa, clover, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo, tej zaum yuav xav tau nws qhov kev qhia tsis tsuas yog kom ua kom tsis muaj acidity, tab sis kuj txhim kho lawv cov khoom noj khoom haus nrog cov no.

× Daim ntawv ceeb toom board Kittens rau muag Cov menyuam dev rau muag Cov tsiaj muag

Magnesium nyob hauv cov zaub mov cog

Nws yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev cog ntoo. Nws yog ib feem ntawm chlorophyll molecule thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau hauv photosynthesis. Txawm li cas los xij, chlorophyll muaj feem me me ntawm cov khoom no, kwv yees li 10% ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv cov nroj tsuag.

Magnesium tseem yog ib feem ntawm pectin tshuaj thiab phytin, uas txuam nrog cov noob ntau. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj magnesium, cov ntsiab lus chlorophyll hauv ntsuab seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag poob qis. Cov nplooj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qis qis, dhau los ua spotty, "marbled", tig daj ntseg ntawm cov leeg, thiab raws cov leeg ntsuab xim tseem tau tshwj tseg (qee feem chlorosis). Tom qab ntawd nplooj nplooj maj mam tig daj, caws tawm ntawm cov npoo thiab poob tawm ua ntej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev txhim kho cov nroj tsuag maj mam poob thiab lawv txoj kev loj hlob zuj zus.

Magnesium, ua ke nrog phosphorus, pom nyob hauv feem loj hlob thiab noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tsis zoo li calcium, nws yog lub xov tooj txawb ntau dua thiab tuaj yeem rov qab siv hauv cov nroj tsuag. Magnesium txav ntawm cov nplooj qub mus rau cov hluas, thiab tom qab tawg paj, nws ntws tawm ntawm nplooj nplooj mus rau cov noob, qhov twg nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov embryo. Cov noob muaj ntau cov calcium, thiab yoojyim dua calcium. Qhov tsis muaj magnesium cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov noob, cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov raj ntau dua ntau dua li ntawm cov quav nyab lossis cov thoob. Cov khoom siv no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov txheej txheem hauv lub neej, nws koom nrog kev txav ntawm phosphorus hauv cov nroj tsuag, ua kom muaj qee qhov enzymes (piv txwv, phosphatase), ua kom nrawm rau kev tsim cov carbohydrates, thiab cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem redox hauv cov ntaub so ntswg cog.

Kev xa khoom zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog magnesium pab txhim kho cov txheej txheem txo qis hauv lawv thiab ua rau kom muaj ntau ntau hauv kev txo cov organic sib xyaw - cov roj tseem ceeb, cov rog, thiab lwm yam Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj magnesium, ntawm qhov tsis sib haum, cov txheej txheem oxidative ua rau muaj zog ntxiv, cov haujlwm ntawm lub peroxidase enzyme nce ntxiv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm qab zib thiab ascorbic acid txo.

Kev xav tau ntawm magnesium ntawm cov ntoo ib leeg txawv. Nrog siab cov qoob loo, lawv haus ntawm 1 txog 7 g ntawm MgO rau 1 m². Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm magnesium yog nqus tau los ntawm qos yaj ywm, beets, legumes thiab legumes. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog qhov nkag siab tshaj plaws rau qhov tsis muaj cov khoom no. Ntau cov qoob loo ntawm cov av acidic (legumes, zaub qhwv, dos, qij) tsis muaj cov magnesium thiab calcium uas yog cov as-ham, feem ntau ntawm txhua yam vim kev thaiv kev nrog hydrogen, aluminium, manganese thiab hlau, uas muaj ntau hauv cov kua qaub acid. Muaj cov tshuaj magnesium nyob hauv cov av tsawg dua cov calcium. Muaj zog podzolized acidic xau ntawm lub teeb ntxaij yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis zoo hauv lawv. Nyob rau hauv cov av xau, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov txiv qaub ua haujlwm uas muaj cov magnesium ua tau ntau dua.

Txiv qaub chiv

Kev lim dej tsis tu ncua ntawm cov xau ntawm lub caij ntuj sov tsev, nyob rau nruab nrab ib zaug txhua tsib xyoos, nrog ib qho ntawm cov chiv hauv qab no muab ib qho kev txhim kho hauv cov kua qaub rau cov kua qaub, ntxiv rau lawv cov fertility thiab txhim kho cov khoom noj ntawm tsob ntoo.

Limestone thiab dolomite hmoov nplej

Tau los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab tsoo limestone thiab dolomite. Kev nrawm ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov av thiab cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm av limestone thiab dolomite yog nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm kev sib tsoo. Cov feem loj dua 1 hli yaj tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj zog ntau yam txo cov av acidity. Ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev sib tsoo, zoo dua lawv sib xyaw nrog cov av, yaj sai thiab ntau dua, ua kom nrawm dua thiab ua haujlwm ntau dua.

Hlawv thiab slaked txiv qaub

Thaum tua cov limestones nyuaj, calcium thiab magnesium carbonates poob carbon dioxide thiab tig mus rau hauv calcium oxide lossis magnesium oxide CaO thiab MgO. Thaum lawv cuam tshuam nrog dej, calcium lossis magnesium hydroxide yog tsim, uas yog, lub npe hu ua slaked txiv qaub - "fluff". Nws yog nplua hmoov tawg ntawm Ca (OH) 2 thiab Mg (OH) 2. Koj tuaj yeem tua cov kab hluav taws hlawv ncaj qha rau tom teb, muab txau nws nrog av noo.

Ruam

Kev nrawm nrawm-ua cov txiv qaub ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nqis rau cov av nplaum xau. Nws dissolves tau zoo dua hauv dej (txog 100 zaus) tshaj li carbon dioxide, tab sis magnesium hydroxide Mg (OH) 2 yuav luag tsis muaj dej nyob rau hauv dej. Hauv thawj lub xyoos tom qab thov, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov nplais slaked dua siab dua qhov uas ntawm carbonic txiv qaub. Hauv xyoo ob, qhov sib txawv hauv lawv qhov kev txiav txim siab yog qhov ntau thiab zoo, thiab xyoo tom qab lawv cov kev nqis tes yog qib. Raws li lub peev xwm los neutralize av acidity, 1 tuj ntawm Ca (OH) 2 yog sib npaug rau 1.35 tuj ntawm CaCO3.

Calcareous tuffs (txiv qaub tseem ceeb)

Feem ntau muaj 90-98% CaCO3, thiab ib qho me me ntawm cov ntxhia thiab organic impurities. Lawv cov nyiaj khaws cia feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov chaw hla dej nyab, hauv cov chaw uas cov yuam sij tawm mus. Nyob rau hauv tsos, calcareous tuffs yog xoob, ntxeem tau, yooj yim puas pob zeb loj, nyob rau qee kis muaj xim nrog admixture ntawm hlau hydroxide thiab cov organic teeb meem hauv cov xim tsaus, xim av thiab xeb xim ntawm kev sib txawv.

Phab ntsa ntub dej (pas dej txiv qaub)

Muaj 80-95% CaCO3, nws cov kev tso nyiaj yog nkag rau cov chaw qhuav ntawm cov chaw ntim khoom, uas yav dhau los tau txais dej nplua nuj hauv calcium. Lacustrine txiv qaub muaj cov kab lis kev cai zoo, yooj yim tawg thiab zuaj, feem ntau ua rau cov khoom me dua 0.25 hli. Nws lub peev xwm ya raws yog qhov me me, nws tsis smudge thiab khaws zoo flowability.

Marl

Muaj li ntawm 25 txog 50% CaCO3, qee qhov MgCO3 thiab lwm yam qias neeg. Nws yog lub pob zeb uas calcium calciumate yog tov nrog av nplaum, thiab feem ntau nrog av nplaum thiab xuab zeb.

Turfotufa

Nws yog qis-dag peat nplua nuj hauv txiv qaub. Muaj CaCO3 los ntawm 10-15 txog 50-70%. Tseem ceeb peat-txiv qaub fertilizer, feem ntau haum rau liming acidic xau, tsis zoo hauv cov organic thiab nyob ze qhov chaw ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm peat tufts.

Ntuj dolomite hmoov

Muaj 95% CaCO3 thiab MgCO3. Qhov no yog pub dawb pawg ntawm qhov kev ntxhib los mos zoo nkauj, 98-99% muaj qhov sib txuam tsawg dua 0.25 hli, qee zaum nws muaj cov pob zeb tawv, uas yuav tsum tau muab tawm ua ntej thov. Qhov no yog cov kua qaub zoo heev, vim nws tseem muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv rau calcium ntxiv rau hauv calcium.

Shale tshauv

Nws tau txais los ntawm kev hlawv roj shale ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, muaj 30-48% CaO thiab 1.5-3.8 MgO thiab muaj lub peev xwm tseem ceeb tsis muaj peev xwm. Ntxiv rau, nws suav nrog cov poov tshuaj, sodium, sulfur, phosphorus, thiab qee cov kab kawm. Qhov no yog vim li cas rau qhov kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov roj shale tshauv. Feem ntau ntawm cov calcium thiab magnesium nyob rau hauv nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm silicates, uas yog tsawg soluble dua carbonates, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog calcium carbonate, nws txo lub acidity ntawm cov av me ntsis tsis muaj zog thiab qeeb qeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis txo nws cov nqi, thiab rau qee qhov qoob loo (flax, qos yaj ywm, thiab lwm yam) nws yog cov cuab yeej nyiam.