Strawberry Ntau Yam Nyob Rau Hauv North-West Russia

2024 Tus sau: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:50

Qhov nyiam ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Feem 1

Ntau Yam Khoom Plig

Garden txiv pos nphuab, uas tau ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm hu ua txiv pos nphuab, tsis tsuas yog hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tab sis, hmoov tsis, hauv xov xwm, yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm txhua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws nyiam cov txiv neej ua teb nrog nws cov txuj ci zoo, uas nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw tsis tshua muaj tsuas yog sau hauv nws - nws muaj qhov zoo sab nraud, muaj ntxhiab, kho, txi txiv zoo thiab loj hlob sai.

Qhov nrov ntawm cov kab lis kev cai Berry no yog vim muaj cov saj zoo heev ntawm cov txiv ntoo, lawv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov suab thaj, kua qaub thiab vitamins, mob ntsws, yooj yim zom ntawm ntau cov as-ham uas muaj nyob hauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv kev sib piv nrog lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov txiv pos nphuab tau txawv los ntawm lawv lub peev xwm rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev ua tiav, nrog rau kev yoog raws siab thiab yas, uas yog vim li cas lawv cog rau ntau thaj av thiab huab cua.

Er's Gardener phau ntawv ntaw Cov chaw zov me nyuam Lub khw muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau tsev neeg thaum caij ntuj sov

Ua tsaug rau qhov ua tiav ntawm kev yug me nyuam ua haujlwm ob qho tib si hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab txawv teb chaws, kev ua tiav ntawm cov txiv ntseej txiv ntoo yog tam sim no muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nws yog qhov zoo paub tias nyob hauv av sib txawv thiab huab cua, tib cov ntau yam, raws li txoj cai, muaj cov ntsuas sib txawv, yog li ntawd lawv cov kev xaiv kom raug nyob hauv txhua thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Ntau Ntau Yam

Nws tseem paub tias lub zoned assortment yog ntu kho tshiab hauv txhua qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb, txij li cov tseev kom muaj ntau yam nce ntxiv vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis rau lawv cov kev cog qoob loo thiab cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab rau cov saj thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov txiaj ntsig txiv hmab txiv ntoo no. Yog li, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txhim kho ntau yam yog tas li cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev sau qoob pos nphuab, suav nrog North-West ntawm Lavxias Federation.

Yog tias peb txheeb xyuas lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, tom qab ntawd mus txog rau 60s thiab 70s hauv zos ntau yam ntawm Pavlovsk kev chaw nres tsheb ntawm VIR tsim lub hauv paus ntawm zoned assortment ntawm no: Festivalnaya, Zarya, Schedraia; Leningrad Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo thiab Zaub Chaw Sim Tshuaj: Qaum Teb Yielding, Yubileinaya Leningrad, Purpurovaya; qee qhov pauv ntawm Moscow - Komsomolskaya Pravda, Obilnaya, Mysovka; qee qhov txawv teb chaws - Zenga Zengana, Junia Ntxhi, Redgontlet, Talisman thiab lwm yam.

Txawm li cas los xij, hauv xyoo tom ntej, kab lis kev cai strawberry ntawm no tau pib ntsib qee qhov kev kub ntxhov. Qhov no tau hais tawm hauv kev txo qis hauv cov qoob loo vim kev kis tus kab mob fungal txaus ntshai: verticillary wilting, ophtorosis, rhizoctonia thiab lwm tus. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob, poob ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua tiav tau txog 40-50%. Qhov feem ntau muaj ntau yam nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no, xws li Festivalnaya, Zarya, Talisman thiab tus lej ntawm lwm tus, tau pib sai sai poob lawv cov npe nrov.

Cov laj thawj no tau ua rau qhov kev qhia sib txawv ntawm lwm cov ntau hom pos nphuab mus rau Sab qaum teb-West ntawm Russia, ob qho tib si los ntawm ntau thaj tsam ntawm Russia thiab txawv teb chaws. Hauv qhov no, kev tsim ua ntawm txiv pos nphuab tau dhau los hloov qee qhov kev hloov ntawm no.

Ntau Yam Divnaya

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab nthuav kev thaj chaw ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev coj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm St., khoom tsim tau, thiab loj-tawg ua kua. Lawv kuj tau muaj kev saj zoo thiab kev ua lag luam ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo - kev paub tab thaum ntxov, amicable ripening ntawm sau, tsis kam mus rau verticillosis thiab lig blight. Cov no yog cov ntau yam Krasavitsa, Volshebnitsa, Sudarushka, Divnaya, Tsarskoselskaya, Dynamovka, Udarnitsa.

Thawj tsib ntawm cov ntau yam tau nkag mus rau zoned assortment thiab nyob hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua liaj ua teb uas muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, tsis yog nyob hauv North-West, tab sis kuj nyob rau lwm thaj chaw, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev pib xyaum ua teb. Xyoo tom ntej, nws tau txais ntau hom: Onega, Nyiam, Kapelka, Lakomka, Original. Hauv xyoo 2009, Onega ntau yam tau zoned nyob rau hauv North-West thaj av, qhov seem ntawm ntau yam tsis tau pauv mus rau GSP, tab sis, zoo li txhua yam dhau los, cov tub rog loj ntawm cov amateur gardeners yog nyob rau hauv coob.

Hauv tib lub xyoo (qhov kawg ntawm 20 thiab pib xyoo pua 21st), ntau dua 50 qhov tshiab hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau kawm ntawm Lub Xeev ntau thaj chaw ntawm North-West, hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab cov koom haum tsim khoom, hauv cov chaw ntiav neeg, liaj teb thiab hauv kev pib ua teb, uas nyob rau hauv hloov pauv hloov ua lub ntsiab ib yam.

× Daim ntawv ceeb toom board Kittens rau muag Cov menyuam dev rau muag Cov tsiaj muag

Ntxiv nrog rau ntau hom kab mob los ntawm GD Aleksandrova, ntau yam ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Moscow tau kawm los ntawm cov khoom hauv tsev - Nadezhda, Zenith, Borovitskaya, Grenada, Relay, Cinderella, Spasskaya, Toros, Talka (sau IV Popova); Michurinskys - Qhov kev xav tsis thoob rau lub Olympics (los ntawm K. T. Yarkova); Ruby pendant (los ntawm A. A. Zubov); Bryansk - Rusich, Vityaz (sau S. D. Aitzhanova) thiab lwm tus.

Los ntawm txawv teb chaws ntau yam, cov neeg Dutch tau kawm - Korona, Elvira, Polka; Canadian - Nyiaj, Kent, Cavendish; Asmeskas - Zib ntab, Chandler, Hnub so; Scottish - Talisman, Redgauntlet; Norwegian - Ionsok; Danish - Zephyr; Czech - Carmen; Latvian - Junia Ntxhi, German - Zenga Zengana.

Carmen ntau yam

Thaum kawm txog cov hom no, txoj haujlwm tau tsim los xaiv cov khoom vaj khoom tsev uas zoo tshaj plaws cov kev xav tau ntawm cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub rau lawv cov kev cog qoob loo hauv cov av thiab huab cua hauv thaj av Leningrad thiab thaj av North-West. Coob tus ntawm cov ntau yam teev saum toj no tau kawm ntawm Taitsy lub xeev cov liaj teb hauv Gatchinsky cheeb tsam, ntawm thaj tsam Luga thiab Leningradsky Lub Xeev Ntau Yam, ntawm Agrotechnology Tshawb Fawb thiab Chaw Tsim Khoom (Pushkin Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo thiab Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo).

Xyoo 1998-2003 ntawm St. Petersburg Agrarian University ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Kev Loj Hlob raws li cov lus qhia ntawm kws kho mob ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Biology MN Plekhanova, cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab hauv MN Petrova thiab SF Loginova tau ua tiav kev tshawb fawb kom paub tshawb fawb txog txheeb raws roj ntsha thiab ntsuas 37 ntau yam ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab Cov. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no yog xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv kom loj hlob hauv broodstock thiab kev lag luam cog qoob loo nrog cov ntsiab ntawm cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no hauv txhua pawg ntawm cov liaj teb thiab hauv kev ua kom zoo nkauj.

Raws li kev soj ntsuam tau ntau xyoo, cov hom kawm tau kawm tau muab cais ua pawg raws li kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab lawv cov kev nyuaj:

• thaum ntxov lub caij nplooj zeeg yog txawv - Kev zoo nkauj, Sudarushka, Junia Smides, Zephyr;
• lig caij nplooj zeeg - Borovitskaya, Polka, Chandler;
• siab lub caij ntuj no hardiness - Sudarushka, Tsarskoselskaya, Divnaya, Onega, Kapelka, Nadezhda, Spasskaya, Ua rau kev xav tsis thoob rau Olympic, Ionsok, Junia Smides, Zenga Zengana;
• cov txiaj ntsig zoo - Divnaya, Onega, Tsarskoselskaya, Kom Tsis Txaus rau Kev Ncaj Ncees, Sudarushka, Zenga Zengana, Kapelka, Polka, Juniya Smides, Borovitskaya, Ionsok;
• loj-tawg txiv ntoo - Zoo kawg nkaus, Talka, Sudarushka, Cinderella, Borovitskaya, Redgontlet, Polka, Zenga Zengana;
• cov khoom qab zib saj - Kev zoo nkauj, Txaus siab rau kev sib tw pov pob, Tsarskoye Selo, Divnaya, Sudarushka, Txee, Yas, Ruby pendant, Zenga Zengana, Talka, Ionsok, Zenith, Cinderella;
• qhov ntom ntom nti thiab xim tawv ntawm cov ntawv ci - Yas, Polka, Tsarskoye Selo, Carmen, Cov Ncaws Pob Ua Si Zoo Siab;
• tsis kam mus rau qhov chaw nplooj - Onega, Relay, Polka, Redgontlet, Nyiaj so koobtsheej, Toros;
• qhov kev rov ua tiav siab (uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev cog qoob loo) - Sudarushka, Onega, Festivalnaya, Surprise Olympiad, Tsarskoselskaya, Borovitskaya, Troitskaya, Yonsok, Bounty;
• tus nqi qes qis (uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg nyiam ua vaj zaub) - Yas, Polka, Talka, Divnaya, Carmen, Tswv.

Ntau Yam Tsarskoselsky

Raws li kev ua ntawm kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov kev tshawb fawb no, zoned ntau yam tau txheeb xyuas - Divnaya, Tsarskoselskaya, Sudarushka, Onega, Krasavitsa, Cinderella, Junia Smides, Zenga Zengana thiab cog lus ntau yam - Surprise Olympiad, Borovitskaya, Korona, Polka.

Nws raug nquahu kom cog cov ntau yam no nyob hauv thaj chaw North-West thaj tsam ntawm Russia ob leeg siv kev siv thev naus laus zis nrog kev siv cov yeeb yaj kiab mulching, thiab siv cov cuab yeej technology niaj hnub no.

Lub sijhawm ntev (los ntawm 2000 txog 2010) kev sim ntawm ib pawg loj ntawm zoned thiab cog lus rau ntau hom strawberry ntawm kev xaiv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yog nqa tawm ntawm Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb "Agrotechnology" (Pushkin Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo thiab Berry Chaw Zov Me Nyuam). Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv broodstock thiab cog kev cog qoob loo, hauv zos ntau yam ntawm kev yug menyuam GD Aleksandrova tau coj los ua lub hauv paus, uas nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov chaw tu tsiaj (Pushkin), raws li ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws: lub caij ntuj no-tawv tawv, siab-ua tiav, loj-tawg ua ke, nrog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo saj thiab ua lag luam zoo tiv taus cov kab mob phom sij tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv pos nphuab - verticillium wilt. Xws ntau yam thaum tag nrho kaum xyoo ntawm kev sim muaj xws li Sudarushka, Divnaya, Onega, Tsarskoselskaya, Krasavitsa.

Nyiam ntau yam

Ntawm cog lus ntau yam, Michurin ntau yam Surprise Olympiad qhia nws tus kheej zoo nyob ntawm no, thiab cov hom Dutch - Korona, Polka - yog cov txawv teb chaws; Czech ntau yam - Carmen; Latvian - Junia Ntxhi, German - Zenga Zengana.

Ntawm cov tshiab ntau yam ntawm Galina Dmitrievna Alexandrova, tau tom qab, cov hauv qab no sawv tawm raws li kev cog lus: muaj txiaj ntsig zoo-ntau yam - Nyiam, loj-txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab qab zib txiv ntoo - Lakomka. Ntawm ntau hom txawv teb chaws, hom Carmen yog nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj qhov xav tau nyob rau hauv kev lom zem ua teb, uas muaj cov xim carmine-liab xim ntawm cov txiv ntoo, lub plawv liab thiab cov tsw zoo ntawm cov txiv ntoo, txawm hais tias nws qis dua lwm yam txawv teb chaws hauv lub caij ntuj no hardiness, tab sis muaj ib tug zoo kev tsim dua tshiab muaj peev xwm.

Tag nrho cov ntau yam ua kom tiav yug hauv niam cov chaw ua teb, cog raws li siv thev naus laus zis siv cov yeeb yaj kiab dub, thiab yog qhov tsis muaj kev txwv los ntawm cov tub rog coob ntawm cov neeg ua teb nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob hauv tebchaws Russia. Muab qhov kev thov zoo rau cov ntau yam no, hauv Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb thiab Chaw Tsim Khoom "Agrotechnology" (Pushkin Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo thiab Berry Chaw Zov Me Nyuam), plaub qhov kev sib hloov ntawm cov niam cawv hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 2010 tau muab tso rau dub yas qhwv nrog cov txhim khu feem kev ntseeg nyob hauv peb tej yam kev mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau yam tau raug tsis lees paub uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau qee yam ntsuas.