Dub Currant, Liab Currant (dawb), Golden Currant Thiab Ntshav Liab

2024 Tus sau: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:50

Currant - kev coj noj coj ua ntawm peb npaug - rau kev muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo nkauj, ua kom zoo nkauj rau lub vaj thiab rau cov hom phiaj kho

Ntau xim currant

Currant yog qhov feem ntau muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia. Los ntawm lub sijhawm immemorial, cov pej xeem hauv zos ib txwm sib sau thiab cov zaub tsis sib haum ntawm currants siv rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab lub hom phiaj kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv XI caug xyoo, currants twb tau cog qoob loo rau hauv lub vaj lub tsev. Tam sim no, los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam uas tau nthuav tawm hauv Xeev Lub Xeev Qhov Chaw Zes Zes Ua tiav ntawm Lavxias Lavxias, currants yog tus pom zoo dua rau lwm cov qoob loo txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Lub genus currant (Ribes L.) belongs rau tsev neeg gooseberry (Grossulariaceae) thiab suav nrog txog 150 hom tsiaj loj hlob hauv thaj chaw txias thiab huab cua ntawm Tebchaws Europe, Asia, Africa, North thiab South America. Tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm lawv tau sawv cev hauv kev coj noj coj ua, txawm li cas los xij, yav tas los tsis siv hom yog maj mam suav nrog kev sib koom ua ke.

Er's Gardener phau ntawv ntaw Cov chaw zov me nyuam Lub khw muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau tsev neeg thaum caij ntuj sov

Ntsuab currant

Ntsuab currant

Currant dub (Ribes nigrum L.) yog qhov feem ntau dav thiab dav paub hom currant hauv kab lis kev cai. Nws cov nplooj muaj tus yam ntxwv tsis hnov tsw, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dub muaj lub ntsej muag yam ntxwv. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov currants dub tau txais, sib txawv hauv qhov siab thiab duab ntawm cov hav txwv yeem, tiv taus cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag, muaj txiaj ntsig, loj, saj, biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam. Nov yog qee qhov ntawm lawv: Altai thaum ntxov, Bagira, Biryulevskaya, Grape, Vologda, Nco, Dobrynya, Dobrynya, Ntsuab taws kub nnyiab, Me tub huabtais, Heiress, Nymph, Oryol serenade, Otradnaya, Nco Michurin, Perun, Primorsky tus yeej, Constellation, Sofia, Tamerlane, Tatyana lub hnub, Fairy ntawm lub hmo ntuj, Enchantress, Dub hlaws, Minx, kab txawv, Elevesta, Vigorous, Yakut …

Tsis ntev los no, thaum tsim ntau yam tshiab ntawm currant dub, nws yog feem ntau hla nrog cov tsiaj uas muaj feem ze - American currant (R. americanum Mill.), Sprouts currant (R. dikuscha Fisch.), Me-flowered currant (R. pauciflorum Turcz.) Thiab lwm tus.

Qhov tau los ntawm T. V. Zhidekhina ntawm Txhua Lub Lavxias Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Kev Ua Si Zej Zog muaj npe tom qab I. V. Michurina (Michurinsk) ntsuab-txiv ntoo ntau yam ntawm dub currant (Inca Kub, Emerald Caj Dab, Tear of Isis). Tsis muaj cov xim muaj nyob hauv cov txiv ntoo ntawm cov no ntau yam, uas txiav txim siab cov xim txawv ntawm cov txiv ntoo thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv hypoallergenic. Lub sib xws ntawm pulp thiab saj ntawm siav berries ntawm ntsuab-txiv hmab txiv ntoo currant ntau yam yog xyaum indistinguishable los ntawm tsaus-xim dub currant berries.

Liab currants

Liab currants

Liab currant (Ribes rubrum L.) nrog rau currant (Ribes vulgare Lam.) Yog ib pawg liab liab, qis dua hauv kev nthuav dav rau cov currants dub. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov pab pawg no feem ntau yog xim liab, uas tau cuam tshuam hauv nws lub npe. Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov currants liab: Viksne, Gollandskaya krasnaya, Dar Orla, Jonker van Tets, Kievskaya, Konstantinovskaya, Krasnaya Kuzmina, Npau suav, Natalie, Ogni Urala, Svetlana, Schedrai, Yaroslavna, thiab lwm yam.

Los ntawm kev siv roj ntsha los ntawm kev saib, cov dawb currant zus nyob rau hauv lub vaj yog ib hom liab currant, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov uas muaj xim tsis pub dawb. Muaj ntau ntau yam tsawg dua ntawm cov currants dawb dua li ntau yam ntawm dub thiab liab currants - Belaya Potapenko, Belaya Smolyaninova (Smolyaninovskaya), Versailles dawb, Snezhana, thiab lwm yam.

Cov ntau yam ntawm liab currants nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo liab zoo li txawv txawv - Dutch liab, Lyubava, Pink Champagne, Rossoshanskaya, Rose Chare, thiab lwm yam.

Golden currant

Golden currant

Lub teb lub chaw ntawm cov kub currant (Ribes aureum Pursh) yog Rocky Toj siab ntawm North America, nyob hauv thaj chaw sab hnub poob Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Canada.

Nws cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj zog txaus cov ceg ntoo ntau txog 2 (feem ntau tsis tshua muaj siab txog 2.5-3) meters siab. Cov nplooj yog me me, peb-lobed, ci, zoo ib yam li duab thiab loj mus rau gooseberry nplooj. Lawv tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm currant tsis hnov tsw thiab muaj xim zoo nkauj hauv cov tones liab qab thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Lub paj yog me me, tubular, golden daj nrog lub zog ntsim aroma reminiscent ntawm cinnamon. Blooms hauv Tsib Hlis rau 10-20 hnub. Paj yog sau nyob rau hauv ntom drooping racemose inflorescences. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog puag ncig, los ntawm me me rau loj, uas muaj lub ziab ntev qhuav perianth. Xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov qauv sib txawv tuaj yeem daj, txiv kab ntxwv, xim av, xim dub. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav nyob rau lub Yim Hli. Ripening tshwm sim tsis ncaj, tab sis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav tsis crumble rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov txiv ntseej yog tsim rau kev noj ob qho tib si tshiab thiab ua tiav. Lawv cov saj yog peculiar, qab ntxiag, laj siab.

Thawj domestic ntau yam ntawm Golden currant tau los ntawm I. V. Michurin (Ntshav, Ondine, Saffron). Tom qab ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb Lavxias tau tsim ntau hom Venus, Druzhba, Ermak, Isabella, Laysan, Muscat, Salut, Shafak, thiab lwm yam.

Liab currants

Cov ntshav liab currant

Lub tebchaws ntawm cov ntshav liab-currant (Ribes sanguineum Pursh) yog thaj av sab hnub poob ntawm North America. Raws li cov xwm txheej ntuj, nws yog ib tsob ntoo siab txog 2-3 m siab (hauv thaj chaw hauv tebchaws Russia, raws li txoj cai, nws tsis pub dhau 1.5 m). Nplooj 3-5-lobed, tsaus ntsuab, dawb-tomentose hauv qab no. Cov nplooj paj me me yog pubescent, glandular. Nws blooms hauv lub Tsib Hlis rau 3-4 lub lim tiam. Cov paj yog qab zib, tsib-tus kheej, feem ntau liab (muaj cov ntawv dawb, paj yeeb, paj yeeb, ob lub paj). Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog xim dub, muaj cov ntaub ntawv ci ntau nyob rau hauv, uas ua rau lawv zoo li xiav. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav nyob rau lub Yim Hli.

Hauv kev coj noj coj ua, muaj qee yam ntawm kev xaiv txawv teb chaws (King Edward VII, Pulborough Scarlet thiab qee yam).

× Daim ntawv ceeb toom board Kittens rau muag Cov menyuam dev rau muag Cov tsiaj muag

Currant raws li kab lis kev cai yog ib qho tsis tuaj yeem tsob ntoo, txawm li cas los xij, rau qhov ua kom zoo nkauj zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj cov xwm txheej zoo. Nws nyiam qhov nruab nrab hauv cov qauv, fertile, ib txwm muab nrog ya raws, xau nrog me ntsis acidic kev cuam tshuam. Ntawm cov av nplaum hnyav ntawm av, hauv cov av qis heev nrog cov dej tsis huv, currants tsim tsis zoo. Nws txoj kev loj hlob kuj raug tsim txom los ntawm cov dej hauv av ze (1-1.5 m ntawm lub ntiaj teb saum npoo av). Thaum tso cov currants rau ntawm qhov chaw, xum yuav tsum tau muab rau cov chaw zoo-zes los ntawm lub hnub thoob plaws ib hnub. Currants kuj tseem tuaj yeem zam lub duab ntxoov ntxoo, tab sis qhov no tshwm sim ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yuav kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub xaib, tsawg kawg peb ntau ntau yam ntawm currants ntawm tib hom yuav tsum cog. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias feem ntau ntawm nws ntau yam yog nws tus kheej-fertile. Currant yog cov qoob loo muaj dej nag tsis haum (feem ntau cov cua sov- thiab hom kab kev tiv thaiv-qhuav yog golden currant), txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj lub caij nyoog tsis muaj nag lossis daus, nws raug nquahu kom siv dej. Currant yog teb rau fertilization, to top hnav khaub ncaws, mulching, av xoob xoob, thiab maj tshem tawm. Currant bushes xav tau li niaj zaus pruning (qhov zoo sij hawm rau cov txheej txheem no yog lig Autumn los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tua cov laus dua li ntawm 5-6 xyoo tau raug tshem tawm (lawv tawg thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo), nrog rau cov tuab tuab, tsis muaj zog, puas, cuam tshuam tus duab ntawm lub hav txwv yeem. Currant bushes xav tau li niaj zaus pruning (qhov zoo sij hawm rau cov txheej txheem no yog lig Autumn los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tua cov laus dua li ntawm 5-6 xyoo tau raug tshem tawm (lawv tawg thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo), nrog rau cov tuab tuab, tsis muaj zog, puas, cuam tshuam tus duab ntawm lub hav txwv yeem. Currant bushes xav tau li niaj zaus pruning (qhov zoo sij hawm rau cov txheej txheem no yog lig Autumn los yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tua cov laus dua li ntawm 5-6 xyoo tau raug tshem tawm (lawv tawg thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis zoo), nrog rau cov tuab tuab, tsis muaj zog, puas, cuam tshuam tus duab ntawm lub hav txwv yeem.

Thaum cog rau hauv cov ntoo blackcurrant seedlings, txhua qhov muaj tua raug txiav mus rau qhov siab ntawm 15 cm, tawm 2-4 zoo-tsim buds ntawm txhua tus thiab cog rau hauv qhov chaw mus tas li nrog txoj kev sib txuas ntawm 45o, ntxaum lawv cov cag caj dab mus rau qhov tob ntawm 6 -8 cm. Qhov lwm hom ntawm currants cog tsis tilting thiab ua kom luv luv ntawm tua.

Cov xim dub, xim liab thiab xim kub yog lub caij ntuj no-tawv tawv thiab zoo kawg nkaus tiv taus frosty winters tsis muaj vaj tse ob qho tib si hauv European feem ntawm Russia thiab hauv Urals, Siberia, thiab Far East. Cov ntshav-liab currants yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub caij ntuj no tsis tshua muaj siab tawv, thiab nws raug nquahu kom khoov (tus pin) rau hauv av thiab npog nws cov tua rau lub caij ntuj no, tab sis cov paj tawg paj zoo nkauj tom qab yuav them tes ua haujlwm zoo li no.

Ntsuab currant

Cov xim dub thiab xim liab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab thiab kab mob (anthracnose, septoria, powdery mildew, Terry, lub raum mites, iav, aphids, thiab lwm yam), yog li ntawd, kev ntsuas yog xav tau los tiv thaiv lawv cov tsos thiab kev loj hlob. Golden thiab ntshav liab-currants yog xyaum tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Currants raug nthuav tawm los ntawm kev faib tawm cov hauv nroj, hauv paus nqus, txheej txheej, ntsuab thiab lignified kev txiav plaub hau, cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai. Rau hom phiaj zoo nkauj, kub thiab liab-ntshav currants tuaj yeem nthuav dav los ntawm sowing noob.

Feem ntau, currants siv tshwj rau kev cog paj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis nws kuj yog qhov tsim nyog siv rau hauv kev cog paj. Tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm zoo nkauj yog Golden currants thiab ntshav-liab currants thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sijhawm. Lub paj ntawm dub thiab liab currants yog yeej los ntawm ntsuab tones, thiab tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm ntoo, lawv cov inflorescences tsis pom zoo. Txhua hom ntawm currants dai ripening berries. Currant dub muaj ntau hom ntawv dai: f. heterophylla (variegated), f. marmorata (nrog nplooj-pom pom nplooj), f. variegata (variegated). Cov ntawv nyiam ntawm cov ntshav-liab currant nrog dawb, liab, liab, ntshav, ob lub paj. Currants tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si hauv ib leeg thiab pawg tsob paj. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntawv nyom thiab caws ntawm ntau qhov siab. Nws tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv rabatka, mixborders, tsob ntoo thiab tsob nroj pawg.

Cov qauv ntawv ntawm currants saib heev nthuav. Hauv qhov no, ib txoj kab ncaj ncaj ntawm kub currant yog siv los ua ib lub khaub thuas, mus rau qhov twg, los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ntsuas nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav (thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm kua ntoo ntws), kev txiav ntawm currant yog grafted ntawm qhov siab ntawm 50-100 cm (koj tseem tuaj yeem siv gooseberries). Vim tias lub caij ntuj no siab tawv tawv ntawm cov Tshuag thiab scion (yog tias nws tsis yog ntshav liab currant), xws li cov nroj tsuag txheem tsis tas yuav khoov mus rau hauv av thiab chaw nyob, hauv kev sib piv rau cov qauv ntaub ntawv ntawm roses lossis Japanese quince.

Cov kev xaiv rau kev siv currants rau kev siv tshuaj thiab zaub mov noj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb. Currant berries yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias lawv muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg lom: cov vitamins A, B ₁, B ₂, B ₆, C, K, P, PP, pectin tshuaj, suab thaj, organic acids, macro- thiab microelements, thiab lwm yam.

Raws li kev siv triple-siv kab lis kev cai, currants tsim nyog ib qho chaw tsim nyog hauv thaj av ntawm tus kheej.