Yuav Ua Li Cas Kom Zoo Nteg Cov Khoom Vov Tsev

2024 Tus sau: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:50

Cov khoom vov tsev - pheej yig, tab sis luv luv-nyob vov tsev cov khoom

Hauv cov caij nyoog Soviet, cov khoom siv vov tsev yog tej zaum qhov pheej yig tshaj plaws, thiab, yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv vov tsev nrov tshaj plaws. Nws tau dav siv hauv ob qho chaw tsim khoom thiab thaj chaw hauv tsev. Suffice nws kom nco txog lub tsev muaj tsib-qib nto npe ("Khrushchevs"). Thiab tsis tas yuav tham txog dacha kev tsim kho …

Tab sis cov khoom vov tsev, alas, yog cov khoom siv luv luv nyob ntev, vim tias nws yog xyaum ua duab los ua impregnated nrog roj av bitumen nrog ib txheej tiv thaiv ntawm asbestos, talc thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws. Hauv qab ntawm lub hnub ci thiab ultraviolet hluav taws xob, bitumen thiab tiv thaiv txheej tawg thiab tawg.

Cardboard, ua tiav noo noo los ntawm nag thiab daus, tau da dej, thiab lub ru tsev feem ntau yuav tsum tau kho vaj tse loj, lossis txawm hloov. Hauv ib lo lus, yog tias koj mus cuag cov khoom vov tsev nrog tus qauv: "Nqe - zoo", ces peb tuaj yeem hais qhov no: tus nqi qis - zoo ib yam li cov khoom tsis tshua zoo.

Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej tam sim no - nrog ntau ntawm cov khoom vov tsev (lub qhov muag khiav: tsuas yog xaiv!), Cov khoom siv vov tsev tau plam nws qhov qub qhov qub, thiab tam sim no siv feem ntau los npog cov vov tsev ntawm cov tsev tawm: cov tsev dej, chav ua noj lub caij ntuj sov, da dej, woodsheds, nqaij qaib coops. Kev pab cuam lub neej niaj zaus ntawm cov khoom vov tsev yog 7-8 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws nteg raws li txhua txoj cai rau txheej txheej yob lub vov tsev, cov khoom siv vuas vov tsev tuaj yeem ntev txog 12 thiab txawm mus txog 15 xyoos. Thiab tseem ntev dua.

Lub hauv paus rau kev vov tsev siab tuaj yeem yog cov pob zeb ua tiav, cinder-pob zeb, tab sis feem ntau - ntoo ntoo. Cov kab ntawm lub vov tsev siab tshaj plaws yog los ntawm 10 txog 30 degrees. Lub caij nyoog ntawm lub-ru tsev cov khoom nyob ntawm lub ru tsev yog nyob ntawm ntau yam, tab sis feem ntau ntawm txhua yam - ntawm kev teeb tsa kom raug lathing. Nws yuav tsum ua kom ruaj, khov thiab txaus.

Cov khoom siv vov tsev tso rau hauv 2-4 txheej. Nws nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev. Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau kev txiav txim siab kom nteg plaub txheej ntawm cov tsev ua liaj ua teb. Zoo heev tso ob sab. Yav dhau los, muaj feem ntau yog ob txoj hauv kev tso cov khoom vov tsev: qhov thiaj li hu ua "yooj yim" thiab ntau txoj, tab sis ntau qhov kev ntseeg siab - ntawm mastic.

Thaum txhim kho lub ru tsev yooj yim, cov khoom vov tsev yog nteg raws txoj kab nqes, tsis muaj mastic, ncaj qha rau ntawm ntoo crate. Yog hais tias cov khoom dov ntawd poob qis los yog cov nthwv dej, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau rov ua dua hauv kev rov qab. Yog tias cov khoom vov tsev tso rau hauv ob txheej, tom qab ntawd lawv tau muab tso rau ib qho sib tshooj sib tshooj.

Cov khoom nteg tau sai sai tam sim ntawd txuas ceev raws cov npoo nrog cov ntsia hlau. Tom qab ntawd lawv muab cov kab txiav, ntsia ntsia lawv, thiaj li nruj nreem nias cov khoom tso rau crate. Hmoov tsis zoo, ntoo slats hloov sai heev, thiab yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau hloov ntau zaus.

Yog tias lub lathing tsis tiaj tus, es tsis txhob slats, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hlua hlau: txhuas, tooj liab, tooj dag lossis hlau ua kom zoo nkauj. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua qhov tseem ceeb rau daim kab xev: nws yuav tsum yoog txaus kom haum qhov nrawm thiab nruj rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov crate. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum siv cov ntaub nplaum, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim tias tom qab ob peb xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thaum feem ntau cov khoom muag yaj tawm ntawm cov khoom vov tsev, cov ntaub nplaum yuav txiav rau nws thiab ua rau qhov chaw puas cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev. sib tshooj.

Ntawm qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob (ntawm overhangs), lub ru tsev yog qhwv hauv qab lathing los ntawm tsawg kawg 10 centimeters thiab tsau nrog cov vov tsev cov ntsia hlau. Kuv qhia koj kom ua qhov no los ntawm nailing lub xaus ntawm lub ru tsev xav mus rau lub npoo ntawm sheathing dua nrog ntaub nplaum nrog hlau.

Daim duab: 1.1 - rafters; 2 - ntxhib lathing; 3 - xov lathing; 4 - cov khoom vov tsev

Tsis zoo li lub sijhawm dhau los, txoj hauv kev thib ob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev - ntawm mastic yog tam sim no siv tsawg dua thiab tsawg dua, vim tias nws yuav tsum siv tshuab nyuaj thiab siv lub zog ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, cov nyhuv yuav ntau dua yog tias cov khoom vov tsev tso tsis yog rau ib qho, tab sis ntawm ob chav crate … Ua ntej, cov plag tsev tawv ntawm cov laug cam (koj tuaj yeem siv cov pob zeb) yog pw raws rafters nrog tuab 22 -25 millimeters nrog cov kis ntawm lawv txog 5 centimeters. Kev ua tiav qib crate yog nteg nrog nws nrog tig ntawm 30-45 degrees, nyiam dua los ntawm cov nqaj nqaim qhuav nrog tuab ntawm 12-15 millimeters. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd cov vuas vov tsev yog tso (Daim duab 1). Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lub ru tsev xav tias lub ru tsev yuav tsum tau tsau nyob rau hauv qhuav, sov thiab txias huab cua.

Yog tias xav tau los ua lub ru tsev, piv txwv li, hauv plaub kab, iav los yog hauv ob sab phlu cov khoom siv nrog cov hmoov av zoo zoo tso rau hauv cov khoom vov tsev. Sab txheej (sab saum toj) yog ua los ntawm cov khoom vov tsev nrog coarse-grained lossis flaky hnav khaub ncaws.

Rau gluing multilayer vov tsev cov khoom txheej, kub mastic yog feem ntau thov rau qhov chaw npaj; ua ntej yuav tso, qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm cov vuas vov tsev raug ntxuav tag nrho cov hmoov av, thiab sab pem hauv ntej - mus rau qhov dav ntawm daim ntawv nplaum. Ua ntej tso, lub hauv paus yog ntxuav ntawm hmoov av, av, primed thiab qhuav.

Daim duab: 2. 1 - pem teb nqaj; 2 - rafters; 3 - tawg taw tes

Tsis txhob tso cov khoom vov tsev ntawm lub ru tsev kinked (daim duab 2). Tag nrho cov no yog vim muaj qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tawg, qhov chaw ntawm lub ru tsev yog nyob rau ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv rau txhua lwm yam, thiab yog li ntawd lawv ua kom sov thiab txias ntawm txoj kev sib txawv. Thiab, vim li ntawd, cov quab yuam nruj tsim nyob rau hauv cov pob txha tawg, uas yuav tsum nrawm (hauv qhov txias), tom qab ntawd ncab (hauv tshav kub) cov khoom vov tsev. Tab sis txij li nws raug kaw nruj nreem tawm tsam lub crate, cov kab nrib pleb ua rau thaj chaw tawg, thiab lub ru tsev pib xau. Thiab tsis tau, txawm tias kev ceev faj tshaj plaws thiab, nws yuav zoo li, super-txhim khu kev qha ceev ntawm cov vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem no.

Nws raug nquahu los kuaj lub ru tsev ua cov khoom vov tsev ib xyoos ob zaug: thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg zeeg. Cov khoom siv kuaj pom yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tam sim ntawd: ntxuav qhov chaw tsis zoo ntawm cov av thiab thov pleev rau lawv.