Cov txheej txheem:

Yuav Ua Li Cas Loj Hlob Currants Thiab Gooseberries
Yuav Ua Li Cas Loj Hlob Currants Thiab Gooseberries

Video: Yuav Ua Li Cas Loj Hlob Currants Thiab Gooseberries

Video: Yuav Ua Li Cas Loj Hlob Currants Thiab Gooseberries
Video: Kev qhia yuav ua li cas thaum lub caij pojniam muaj menyuam ntawv yuav tau ua li cas 19 July 2019 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Loj hlob txiv hmab txiv ntoo bushes - currants thiab gooseberries

Gooseberries rau ib qia
Gooseberries rau ib qia

Currants thiab gooseberries pib loj hlob ntau pua xyoo dhau los, tsis tsuas yog raws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis kuj yog tshuaj ntsuab cov qoob loo. Tam sim no, cov qoob loo no tau cog tsis tsuas yog suav cov tiaj nraum qaum tsev, tab sis kuj ua chaw ua si. Lub currant nyob chaw loj heev ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv Russia thiab txawv teb chaws (North America, Askiv, thiab lwm yam). Qhov no tau ua tiav, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, los ntawm kev tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo uas yoog raws kev ntxhov siab sab nraud, tiv taus cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv qhov no tau ua si los ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam, uas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm currants thiab gooseberries nyob rau qee yam tshwj xeeb.

Saplings ntawm currant thiab gooseberry yog nyob rau hauv luv luv thiab muag nyob rau ntawm tus nqi qis heev. Piv txwv, ntawm no, hauv Michurinsk, tus nqi ntawm ob-xyoo-laus seedlings ntawm cov qoob loo no kwv yees li 60 rubles. Nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab tias varietal kev coj dawb huv, kev ywj pheej los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag tsuas yog tuaj yeem lav tau los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov chaw zov me nyuam tshwj xeeb. Hauv qhov no, thaum yuav khoom cog hauv vaj cov lag luam, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm cov lus piav qhia ntawm ntau yam uas koj xav tau. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tau los ntawm Is Taws Nem thiab pomological phau ntawv siv ntawm cov qoob loo, qhov twg cov xim, qhov loj me, lub zog ntawm kev loj hlob, curvature, txha nqaj qaum ntawm tua, los ntawm uas currant thiab gooseberry seedlings sib txawv, yog qhia, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd yuav lawv. Txheeb cov noob cog qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo no muaj qhov siab ntawm 50-70 cm, 2-3 ceg, tus cag uas muaj hauv paus zoo.

Cog noob yub

Nws yog qhov ua tau rau cog currants thiab gooseberries ob qho tib si nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoo hlav, tab sis cog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav txo kev ciaj sia los ntawm 10-15%. Thaum cog nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab tias cov yub yuav tsum tau cog tsis pub dhau 1-2 lub lis piam ua ntej qhov pib ntawm kev khov dej khov.

Me ntsis acidic xau nrog lub siab humus cov ntsiab lus yog qhov tsim nyog rau cog currants thiab gooseberries. Cov av qis thiab kev poob siab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv, zoo li kev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshwm sim nrog muaj zog dej ntws. Qhov tob ntawm cov dej hauv av hauv cov chaw yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj ib meter.

Chernozems yog cov tsim nyog rau currants thiab gooseberries, tab sis ua ntej cog noob, koj yuav tsum tshem thaj chaw ntawm cov nroj siv tshuaj tua kab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab, uas tseem cuam tshuam lub peev xwm ntawm cov yub.

Hauv cov phiaj vaj, currants thiab gooseberries tau cog ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1.5-2 m ntawm ib leeg. Ua li no, npaj ib lub qhov taub cog 25-40 cm sib sib zog nqus, nyob ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov hauv paus system ntawm cov yub. Nws yog ua tib zoo muab tso rau ntawd, maj mam npog nrog lub ntiaj teb thiab ua tib zoo ntim. Tsis zoo li gooseberries, currants cog obliquely, ntawm kaum ntawm 45 °, uas ua kom muaj kev txhim kho zoo dua ntawm cov hauv paus system thiab tsim tshiab cov tshiab. Qhov txheej txheem cog no pab txhawb kev tsim kom muaj zog, muaj ceg zoo, uas ntxiv mus kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Tus qauv ntawm cov currants thiab gooseberries

Rau ntau lub vaj zaub, currants thiab gooseberries pab tsis tsuas yog qhov chaw ntawm high-vitamin berries, tab sis kuj raws li kev dai kom zoo ntawm lub xaib. Hauv qhov no, lawv saws cov kev paub ntawm txawv teb cov neeg ua teb thiab cog cov qauv ntawm cov qoob loo. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub qia los ntawm ob txoj kev. Hauv thawj kis, ntau yam nrog cov npoo tsa ncaj yog xaiv, muaj lub zog loj yog xaiv thiab nws raug cais nrog lub pob tshab yas pob tshab ntawm qhov siab ntawm 60-70 cm los ntawm av. Tom qab ntawd 4-7 ceg tawm ua si sab laug. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom no yog qhov tsim heev ntawm coarse tua, uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm.

Qhov txheej txheem thib ob ntawm kev tsim cov qauv ntawv, feem ntau siv rau hauv kev xyaum ua teb, yog sau cov khoom sib txawv mus rau kub currant cov khoom lag luam, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj zog nce ntxiv. Cov qauv txheem yog cog raws li cov txheej txheem ntau dua nrog qhov deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm 0.5 m. Lub caij nplooj zeeg cog ntawm Golden currant thiab tom qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav grafting ntawm varietal tua yog ua tau. Berries ntawm cov qauv foos yog qhov zoo thiab saj. Lawv yooj yim heev rau kev sib sau ua ke.

Cog kev tu xyuas

Agrotechnical ntsuas rau kev saib xyuas ntawm currants thiab gooseberries muaj xws li loosening thiab dej ntawm ze-qia lub voj voog. Txhawm rau khaws noo noo, nws yog qhov ua tau rau mulch lub pob tw nrog sawdust. Currants, zoo li ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib txig, txi cov txiv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm xyoo tas los. Txhawm rau nce tua-txoj kev tsim muaj peev xwm, daim ntawv thov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ntxov ntawm nitrogen chiv yog nqa tawm: urea lossis ammonium nitrate, 10-20 g ib Bush. Tom qab fertilization, lawv tau muab ntim tam sim. Txog li 80 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 5 kg ntawm cov organic chiv yog thov nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Qhov tsis muaj noo noo thaum lub sij hawm tsim thiab ripening ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo coj mus rau crushing thiab ua ntej yug los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Hauv qhov no, thaum lub sijhawm qhuav, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nqa 2-4 ib zaug kev ywg dej ib lis piam.

Phaj Npav

Pruning yog hais txog ib qho ntawm cov kev ntsuas agrotechnical uas pab kom nce cov qoob loo thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho kab mob thiab kab tsuag. Thawj theem ntawm currant pruning pib tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, thaum lub Upper sab ntawm tua yog muab tshem tawm. Hauv qhov no, 3-4 buds yog sab laug saum toj ntawm cov av. Qhov no pruning stimulates tua kev loj hlob thiab cuam sai dua. Tsim pruning pib nyob rau hauv xyoo thib tsib ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub neej. Ntawm cov txiv ntoo, 8-12 pob txha ceg yuav tsum tau sab laug, thiab yog tias tus lej no siab dhau, cov ceg qub txiav tawm. Cov nroj tsuag uas muaj yim xyoo rov saud muaj cov ceg qub, kev loj hlob ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj zog. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ceg no ua rau cov khoom lag luam poob qis, thiab yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ceg qhuav thiab cov ceg puas lawm yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm cov ntoo tsis sib luag. Qhov zoo sij hawm rau pruning berries yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej Bud so. Yog tias lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav pruning tsis dhau, koj tuaj yeem ua nws thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Pests thiab kab mob ntawm Berry bushes

Muaj cov kab thiab kab mob yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg dua ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lawv cov mob. Lub ntsiab pests ntawm currants yog raum mites thiab iav hwj.… Lub raum mite hibernates thiab multiplies hauv lub buds ntawm currant. Cov raum tsis kis loj dua. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, thaum lub buds qhib, tus mob qhuav tawm, tom qab uas mite tsiv mus nyob ze cov buds. Nrog tus zuam kis qis, tus mob raum raug txiav tawm thiab hlawv. Yog tias nws muaj zog ntau, nws tau muab txau nrog 1% colloidal leej faj tom qab tawg. Kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag los ntawm cov iav ua rau kom ziab ntawm kev tua. Thaum txiav cov ntaub ntawv uas tawg lawm, lub qhov dub yog pom nyob hauv plawv. Cov kab tsuag hla hauv cov tua, thiab yog li ntawd cov kev tswjhwm muaj xws li pruning thiab hlawv ntawm cov ceg uas puas lawm.

Ntawm cov kab tsuag ntawm gooseberries, uas feem ntau ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau feem ntau ntawm cov qoob loo, yog npauj. Cov kab tsuag hibernates hauv av, tom qab ntawd thaum lub sij hawm huab hwm huab hwm coj loj, poj niam nteg qe hauv paj thiab ntawm ovary. Tus kab ntsig ces ua rau lub txiv puas tsuaj. Cov tshuaj kho rau pej xeem kom sib tua cov kab no yog kaw lub voj voog tom qab daus yaj nrog zaj duab xis, uas txwv tsis pub npauj npaim ya. Powdery mildew, anthracnose thiab septoria yog ntawm cov teeb meem kab mob ntawm currants thiab gooseberries. Qhov tshwj xeeb txawv ntawm powdery mildew yog lub xub ntiag ntawm dawb tawg ntawm nplooj thiab saum ntawm tua. Kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob suav nrog kev kho mob ob zaug (ua ntej pib sau paj thiab tom qab sau qoob) nrog lub hauv paus lossis topaz.

Anthracnose manifests nws tus kheej hauv nplooj poob lub caij nplooj zeeg thib ob ntawm lub caij ntuj sov. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob hibernates hauv nplooj poob, thiab yog li ntawd, tom qab lawv poob, cov nplooj tau hlawv tam sim ntawd. Nws tseem tuaj yeem kho nrog 1% daws ntawm Bordeaux kua ua ntej pib tawg thiab tom qab sau qoob. Cov tsos ntawm grey me ntsis ntawm nplooj yog piav qhia los ntawm muaj septoria. Kev tiv thaiv kabmob yog zoo ib yam li anthracnose. Tam sim no, tus kws muab khoom cog muaj tsim tshiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntau yam ntawm currants thiab gooseberries uas tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag. Qhov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum nriav cov khoom cog. Yog li, soj ntsuam kev ntsuas kev cog qoob loo rau cog, tu thiab tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov qoob loo siab thiab ruaj khov ntawm currants thiab gooseberries thiab siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau cov zaub mov hauv cov ntawv tshiab thiab kev ua tiav txhua xyoo.

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