Dub Elderberry Yog Ib Qho Khoom Cog Ntoo Thiab Yog Cov Tshuaj Zoo Heev

2024 Tus sau: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:50

Sambucus nigra hauv koj lub vaj

Muaj ntau hom kab hauv ntiaj teb cog uas yuav kho peb lub vaj, pub zaub rau peb, thiab kho kom zoo. Kuv xav qhia koj txog cov dub elderberry, uas tseem txawv rau lub vaj ntawm North-West ntawm Russia.

Kuv coj pawg ntawm cov txiv ntoo dub los ntawm Ukrainian steppe, thiab tom qab ntawd cog lawv hauv kuv lub vaj hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, ntau dua nees nkaum xyoo dhau los. Thiab txij thaum ntawd los, elderberry yeej ib txwm muaj. Cov noob los ntawm kev cog sau txhuam tawm sai heev thiab ceev, cov yub yuav tsum tau ua kom tawm tas.

Tshaj dhau lub caij ntuj sov, lub qia ntawm dub elderberry loj hlob mus txog ib thiab ib nrab meters thiab tsim ntom cov tuab. Maj mam, peb cog qhov tsob ntoo no hauv lwm thaj chaw.

Lub

vaj zaub cov chaw muag khoom Cog ntoo chaw muag khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau lub caij ntuj sov tsev

Ntawm cov av fertile thiab thaj av, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj chaw hnub ci, elderberry loj hlob sai, txi txiv txiv nplua nuj txhua xyoo. Thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, cov qia tsis khov thaum lub caij ntuj no. Elderberry loj hlob zoo hauv qhov chaw muaj pes tsawg vaum. Ib thaj av tuab tuab yog tsim los ntawm nws cov thickets, nyias cog qoob loo los yog tsim cov ntoo dai kom zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub vaj. Kuv cov neeg nyob ib ncig kuj qee zaum muaj dub elderberry, thaj pom nqa los ntawm noog, tab sis, hmoov tsis, tsawg tus neeg pom qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov nroj tsuag no thiab tsis muaj lub tswv yim hais txog nws qhov kev siv tau.

Yog tias nws tuaj yeem xaj kom faib dub elderberry txhua qhov chaw, kuv yuav ua nws yam tsis muaj kev ncua. Hauv peb lub tsev muag tshuaj koj tuaj yeem yuav cov paj laus elderberry. Lawv yog cov tshuaj tsw qab, kho kom zoo hnoos thiab kho mob khaub thuas. Thiab dab tsi ntxiv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv elderberry? Nws hloov tawm txhua yam: keeb kwm, tawv, qia, nplooj, paj thiab berries. Los ntawm kuv lub neej nyob deb, Kuv nco ntsoov cov tuab ntawm lwm hom ntawm elderberry - liab. Nws niam nws txiv hu nws "sambuca". Nws loj hlob hauv thaj chaw tsis muaj kev vam, nrog rau ciam teb ntawm zaub vaj. Thiab tsuas yog cov noog noj cov txiv ntawm tus laus no thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Peb, ntawm chav kawm, tsis paub lub npe botanical ntawm cov nroj tsuag no, tab sis peb nyiam ua si hauv qab sambuca cov ntoo.

Lub npe Latin rau cov black elderberry yog Sambucus nigra. Nws yog rau tsev neeg honeysuckle. Loj hlob hauv vaj thiab chaw ua si hauv Ukraine, Belarus, Caucasus, yav qab teb Siberia. Kuv tau ntsib dub elderberry ntoo hauv Crimea thiab hauv Moldova. Nws qhov siab qee zaus ncav cuag 6 meters, tab sis ntau zaus nws tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub hav txwv yeem.

Liab elderberry (Sambucus racemosa) muaj kev lom zem nyob hauv Thaj Tsam Tsis-Dub Ntiaj Teb: hauv hav zoov, chaw ua si, ravines, hauv cov chaw weedy. Blooms thaum lub Tsib Hlis-Lub Rau Hli. Tsis ntev los no, ntawm txoj kev ntawm Minsk, Kuv pom ib tus liab elderberry nrog cov tassels loj loj thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj heev, thiab qhov no tau muaj thaum Lub Xya Hli. Cov no yog cov ntawv ntau yam uas ua rau pom cov toj roob hauv pes ib puag ncig. Hauv cov tshuaj scientific thiab pej xeem, red elderberry tsis tau siv, vim nws tau kawm tsawg.

Thaum peb so thaum lub caij ntuj sov nrog cov phooj ywg nyob ze Luhansk, lawv tau pom cov laus cov laus thiab qhia kom peb yaug cov yoov los ntawm yoov tshaj cum thiab tus nplais ntses nrog cov txiv ntseej dub. Peb sim nws - nws muab tawm tias khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij nres tam sim ntawd, lub qhov txhab zoo sai sai.

Lawv kuj tau qhia rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhaws qa thiab hnoos, thiab hais tias kev pleev xim ntawm laus cov nplooj thiab cov tawv nqaij kho cov qhov txhab. Tag nrho cov kev pom zoo no tau raug sim ntau zaus hauv peb lub neej. Lawv raug hais qhia. Yog li ntawd, peb tau qhuav paj, nplooj thiab thiab txhua txhua xyoo, thiab tseem khov cov laus laus thiab. Koj tuaj yeem noj cov ntshiab jam los ntawm cov txiv ntseej, thiab zoo dua - nrog txiv apples, liab thiab dub roob tshauv. Koj muaj peev xwm txawm ua tau caw.

Txoj hauv kev ntawm cov laus elderberry ncaj, cov tawv ntoo yog lub teeb grey nrog ntev kab nrib pleb. Tus ntoo yog cov xim daj-dawb nrog lub qhov tawv brownish, khoov tau zoo, nws yog siv rau cov khoom siv tes ua.

Muaj ib zaug, thaum kawg ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis, ib tug phooj ywg ntawm kuv tau hais rau kuv tias nws tus txiv tau raug tsim txom los ntawm kev kho tsis tau qhov mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm nws ob txhais ceg. Tau dhau los ntawm cov daus caij nplooj zeeg, Kuv tsoo twigs me me ntawm dub elderberry thiab qhia kuv kom ua lub decoction ntawm lawv, uas kuv mam li siv rau hauv daim ntawv sov rau chav dej. Nws siv ob peb zaug los tso kuv ob txhais ceg rau cov qhov txhab kom zoo. Hauv Ukraine, Kuv tau hais tias tag nrho cov dub elderberry cog muaj qee yam tshuaj uas txhawb nqa kev tsim cov tawv nqaij epithelium. Muaj tshwj xeeb ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv cov txiv ntseej thiab nplooj. Qhov no yog sambunigrin glucoside.

Tom qab kev ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm kuv txhais tes, nws tau kho ntawm nplooj thiab dub elderberry paj uas pab daws qhov mob thiab o. Cov qhov txhab tau raug kho ua ntej peb lub qhov muag. Thiab thaum kos duab los ntawm kev phais neeg thiab blackberryberry ua ke, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov txhab kho tau zoo kawg li.

Dub elderberry tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo feem ntau yog lush, tawg paj, tab sis nrog lub hnub nyoog (dhau 25 xyoo) cov nplooj ua me, cov kab tawg tsis tshua ntau, yog li nws yuav tsum txiav thiab cov duab. Dub elderberry nplooj yog qhov loj, rov qab, tsis muaj qhov-pinnate, suav nrog tsib nplooj. Cov paj dawb dawb lossis daj, tsw thiab zoo li tsis hnov tsw ntawm rowan nrog admixture ntawm zib ntab thiab viburnum. Lub inflorescence yog tiaj, umbellate, 12-20 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, dub elderberry blooms tom qab tshaj liab - los ntawm nruab nrab Lub rau hli ntuj mus rau nruab nrab Lub Xya hli ntuj.

Hauv lub caij ntuj sov txias, kev ua paj yog ntev dua. Nws yog ib tsob ntoo muaj zib ntab zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj lig - Cuaj hlis, elderberry ripens. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog xim dub-ntshav, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-zoo li nrog 3-4 tiaj tus, oblong, transversely wrinkled noob, cov nqaij yog xim liab. Nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog siv tau. Lawv muaj qhov ua kom tsaug zog zoo, vim tias lawv muaj glucoside, uas, thaum tawg, muab hydrocyanic acid, nws yog qhov qhaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo paub tab. Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiv ntoo muaj suab thaj (qabzib thiab fructose), tannins thiab salibucin, amino acids, vitamins C, E, carotene.

Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom

Kittens rau Cov Muag Khoom Siv Cov Khw Muag Taw Plaub rau muag

Lub inflorescences ntawm dub elderberry dai ntawm liab qab bushes tej zaum kom txog thaum nruab nrab-lub caij ntuj no. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog yooj yim sib cais los ntawm inflorescences. Lawv tuaj yeem muab ziab, khov, txhaws tawm, ua kua txiv, ua kua, jelly, jelly, thiab kua txiv.

Nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv, cov berries xim lub workpiece nyob rau hauv ib tug maroon, raspberry xim. Vinegar, zoo ib yam li txiv hmab, hloov tawm zoo. Tab sis peb feem ntau siv dub elderberry ua cov tshuaj ntsuab tsob ntoo. Lub paj ntawm dub elderberry muaj nitroglucoside, valeric thiab acetic acids, ib qhov tshuaj lom, cov khoom muaj roj tseem ceeb (0.027%;) terpene thiab paraffin-zoo li cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Lawv siv ua cov diaphoretic, rau cov mob khaub thuas, ntxiv rau tshuaj yej, siv rau hauv cov khoom liqueurs thiab champagne, uas muab cov cawv ua cov nutmeg aroma thiab saj.

Cov tawv ntoo infusion muaj diaphoretic thiab diuretic thiab laxative thaj chaw. Thiab peb tau ntseeg ntawm sab nraud lub qhov txhab kho kom zoo nyhuv ntawm decoction ntawm dub elderberry stems. Cov nplooj ntawm dub elderberry muaj hydrocyanic acid (txog 10 mg ntawm nws tau los ntawm 100 g ntawm nplooj), zoo li sambunigrin glucoside. Cov glycoside no tau khaws cia hauv cov nplooj qhuav zoo li.

Ob peb da dej sov so ntawm qhov npau npau ntawm cov nplooj yuav pab kho txawm tias qhov mob tsis yooj yim. Qhov no tau txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntau zaus. Thaum ua haujlwm hauv lub vaj, daim tawv nqaij ntawm txhais tes feem ntau tau puas (kab, hu, txiav, kab tom, thiab lwm yam). Txog kev pabcuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kuv siv cov paj lausberry, nws cov nplooj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Paj thiab nplooj tuaj yeem yog yooj yim zom hauv koj lub qhov ncauj, kneaded, doused nrog dej npau npau thiab muab tshuaj txhuam rau hauv lub qhov txhab, muab ntaub qhwv nrog no gruel thiab tam sim ntawd tsis nco qab txog qhov mob.

Elderberry pab nrog thiav plaub hau, ua pob pawm, mob pob txha. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov kua zaub, nyiam dua tuab, thiab tuav sab caj npab los yog ceg kom ntev li 30 feeb nyob rau hauv ib lub decoction ntawm berries, nplooj, qia. Qhov mob zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm compresses thiab berry da dej. Nrog zuaj cov txiv ntoo tshiab siav, peb kho tej qhov txhab, tom, thiab saum thaj chaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj. Cov nyhuv yog instant! Tab sis lub decoction ntawm nplooj tsuas yog zoo sab nraud. Peb siv dub elderberry steamed nyob rau hauv ib lub rhawv, ua ke nrog khaub rhuab rau txheej txheem da dej. 2-3 twigs nrog nplooj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov txaus kom tau txais txoj kev kho mob, uas yog qhov zoo rau ntxuav koj lub taub hau thiab lub cev.

Tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm luam tawm rau cov neeg ua teb muaj cov lus qhia txog kev siv dub elderberry txhawm rau tua cov nas, nas thiab kab laum: kab npauj, npauj. Cov ceg nrog nplooj thiab paj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov ceg ntoo ntawm currants, gooseberries, koj tuaj yeem lo lawv ncaj qha rau hauv txaj nrog cov txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Lawv tseem tuaj yeem muab cag. Kuv ib zaug sim hem kom ntshai nas nyob rau hauv cellar. Nws muab cov nplooj ntsuab rau cov nplooj hauv cov qos yaj ywm rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Tab sis cov nas tsis quav ntsej peb deterrent thiab conscientiously chewed on ob lub qos yaj ywm thiab elderberry nplooj. Vim qee qhov, qhov kev hais daws tsis ua haujlwm.

Ua rau ntau xyoo tom ntej ntawm no cov nroj tsuag zoo, Kuv feem ntau saib xyuas li cas nas earthen zaum hauv elderberry bushes, ntxuav lawv lub ntsej muag thiab tsis ntshai tsis yog peb cov laus, tab sis txawm tias miv. Tab sis txhua yam zoo ib yam, nws muaj ntau yam ntxwv zoo. Thiab kuv yeej zoo siab yog tias nws cog qee qhov chaw hauv vaj lossis ze lub laj kab. Peb cog cov yub, hloov nws rau qhov chaw uas haum, thiab tom qab ntawd mam muab rau cov phooj ywg. Tsis ntev los no kuv nyeem lwm daim ntawv qhia siv rau kho myopia.

Nws raug nquahu kom nteg cov txiv ntoo siav nrog qab zib hauv cov khaub noom hauv peb-peb lub hub. Cia nws brew nyob rau hauv lub hnub rau peb hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd noj 1 teaspoon peb zaug ib hnub 15 feeb ua ntej noj mov. Lub chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yog 1-2 lub hlis. Xws li ib chav ntawm kev kho mob yog nqa tawm prophylactically 1-2 zaug hauv ib xyoos. Kuv yuav twv yuav raug hu ua qhov kev pom zoo no thiab kuv xav tias nws yuav kho tsis tau tsuas yog myopia, tab sis kuj kho lub plab zom mov thiab pob qij txha.

Dub elderberry nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov cuam tshuam los ntawm aphids dub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ntawm qhov xaus ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas twigs thiab nyob rau hauv inflorescence. Kuv kho cov kab no nrog kev daws karbofos, tshauv qhuav thiab nws txoj kev lis ntshav, nrog rau kev ua kom ntsuab ntawm cov nroj ntsuab xiab. Txhua yam pab. Raws li cov dub elderberry hnub nyoog, lichens khom ntawm nws cov pob tw. Peb ua txhua yam ntoo thiab tsob ntoo nrog kev daws ntawm ferrous sulfate. Tom qab peb ua haujlwm nrog ib qho kev daws teebmeem 1% rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, lichens qhuav thiab ua txhaum.

Ntawm no yog ib qho ode rau dub elderberry. Nws yog qhov ntxoov ntxoo-thev taus, sim ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm av fertility. Nws tiv taus kev phom sij zoo, tab sis tsis tshua tawv tshaj liab elderberry. Qhov xaus ntawm txhua xyoo tua khov me ntsis, tab sis sai sai rov qab rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Dub elderberry loj hlob sai sai tom qab pruning, muab ntau zaub thiab berries. Dub elderberry yog nthuav tawm los ntawm cov noob, ceg, ntsuab thiab lignified cuttings. Cov noob raug sown nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg los yog caij nplooj ntoo hlav, tab sis thaum sowing hauv caij nplooj ntoo hlav, lawv yuav tsum tau stratified li ntawm ob lub hlis.

Dub elderberry kuj tau siv los ua cov kab lis kev cai zoo nkauj. Muaj ntau yam nrog loj berries, txawm daj, nrog kub thiab burgundy nplooj, muaj ciam teb nyob ib ncig ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov nplooj thiab cov kab liab. Cov hom no muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov vaj hauv Western Europe thiab tsis tshua tawv dua cov dub elderberry. Hauv North America, Canadian elderberry yog cog nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj thiab qab zib heev. Tab sis ntawm no nws tseem tsis tau qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua. Lub ntiaj teb cog yog lossis loj thiab zoo kawg nkaus. Nws ua rau peb zoo siab thiab txuag. Loj hlob dub elderberry, liab elderberry. Kuv xav tias los ntawm lawv koj tuaj yeem tsim muaj cov nkauj zoo nkauj hauv vaj, pub cov noog, ua kom ntshai nas thiab ua kom koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv nyob hauv txoj kev yooj yim.