Amaranth - Siv Thiab Sau Qoob

2024 Tus sau: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:50

Tsis nkag siab amaranth

Amaranth thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Qhov no yog cov noob ntawm txhua xyoo herbaceous nroj tsuag, muaj ntau haiv neeg hauv qhov siab, nplooj xim, duab ntawm inflorescences.

Botanists paub qhov txawv ntau dua li 60 hom nyob rau hauv cov genus no, uas muaj cov tsiaj qus, muaj muaj nroj thiab muaj noob ntau. Txhua hom yog cov noob me me (txog 1.5-2 txhiab lub noob ib 1 g), txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm ncav cuag 100 g rau ib tsob nroj, thiab cov noob yuav nyob ntev mus ntau dua 10 xyoo.

Amaranth zoo li cas?

Hauv qhov thib ob ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 20, kev tshawb nrhiav qhov tob ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tau pib. Chemists, physiologist, technologist, agronomists, kws tshaj lij hauv kev tu tsiaj txhu thiab pej xeem kev ua noj tau koom nrog txoj kev tshawb fawb.

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tias amaranth noob thiab nplooj yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov protein, thiab cov nplooj yog ib qho muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm ascorbic acid, carotene, rutin thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom biologically. Nrog kev kawm ntxaws ntxaws ntawm amaranth protein, lawv pom tias nws muaj yuav luag tag nrho cov amino acids uas tsim nyog rau ib tus neeg. Nws muaj ntau lysine, ib qho tseem ceeb amino acid, qhov tsis muaj uas tau hnov hauv ib qho xov tooj ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag protein, piv txwv li, hauv cov pob kws thiab nplej protein.

Thaum kawm cov duab photosynthesis ntawm cov nroj tsuag no, tau pom tias amaranth muaj kev ua haujlwm siab photosynthetic heev txawm tias muaj huab cua tsis zoo, thiab nws cov nplooj yog nyob rau qhov kom tsis txhob ntxoov ntxoo rau txhua lwm yam thiab kom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci ntau kawg. Qhov no pab txhawb qhov tseeb tias nyob rau lub caij luv cog qoob loo, cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm qhov loj ntawm cov nqaij loj.

Qee hom kab lis kev cai (hybrid amaranth, caudate amaranth) tau hloov tawm kom tsim nyog rau cov tsiaj txhu pub mis tsis tsuas yog tshiab, tab sis kuj tseem nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov protein concentrates, ntxiv rau hauv silage sib xyaw nrog cov nroj tsuag nrog cov ntsiab lus qab zib (pob kws, pias) thiab nrog forbs.

Cov protein ntau nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntsuab los ntawm amaranth ntsuab tau thov kom siv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv tib neeg cov khoom noj khoom haus. Qhov ntxiv ntawm amaranth hmoov nplej rau cov hmoov nplej hmoov nplej, raws li kev tshawb fawb tau qhia, tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov saj ntawm cov khoom ci (ncuav qab zib, ncuav muffins), tab sis kuj tseem ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Cov kws tshaj lij kuj tau thov ib daim ntawv qhia rau kev siv cov hmoov nplej amaranth hauv kev ua cov khoom noj siv mis xws li qaub cream, yoghurts. Kev kawm txog cov roj sib cais los ntawm cov noob amaranth tau pom tias nws muaj ntau tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj.

Cov xim zas los ntawm nplooj ntawm cov xim liab tawm ntau tau pom zoo kom lub ntsej muag xim kom tsis txhob muaj cov xim ua kom zoo nkauj, thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej los ntawm cov noob amaranth, uas muaj cov qauv zoo heev, tau pom zoo kom siv rau hauv perfumery thiab cosmetic ntau lawm.

Hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm North-West ntawm Russia, nws yog impractical kom loj hlob amaranth rau lub hom phiaj kom tau txais cov noob. Tsob nroj no tsis khov-tiv taus, thiab nws cov noob tsis muaj sijhawm los siav nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov luv. Tab sis raws li cov nroj tsuag zaub uas hloov cov zaub ntsuab thiab tsis qis dua nws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab zoo ntawm cov zaub ntsuab, amaranth yuav siv tau.

Cov neeg yug tsiaj hauv Lavxias tau tsim muaj ntau hom amaranth. Lub Valentine ntau yam yog zoned li zaub. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau yam ntawm cov khoom noj pub rau, xws li Shuntuk, Kizlyarets, Podmoskovny, Cherginsky, tsim nyog rau siv raws li cov zaub cog qoob loo hauv cov theem vegetative.

Amaranth yog sown rau hauv av thaum qhov kev hem thawj ntawm te dhau, cov av sov tuaj kom zoo thiab cov nyom txhaws taus. Ua ntej sowing, nroj yog tshem tawm los ntawm harrowing. Cov noob tau sown nrog kab qhov sib txawv ntawm 50-70 cm, teeb lawv rau qhov tob ntawm 0.5-1.0 cm.

Cov noob yub tshwm sim rau hnub 5-8th tom qab tseb. Hauv thawj theem, lawv loj hlob qeeb, tab sis twb nrog qhov pom ntawm 3-4th nplooj, kev loj hlob nrawm dua, cov nroj tsuag tau nce sai heev cov nroj tsuag loj, txwv cov nroj thiab tsis ntshai ntawm cov tuab. Ntawm qhov siab ntawm 25-30 cm, cov nroj tsuag tau sau los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav los yog txiav tawm, tawm ib lub pob tw ntawm li 10 cm. Amaranth loj hlob zoo tom qab txiav los ntawm lub paj hauv qis feem ntawm tua. Nplooj thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tuaj yeem muab cub, kib, ci, siv rau hauv cov kua zaub thiab tshiab li zaub xam lav. Lawv tuaj yeem npaj rau kev siv yav tom ntej los ntawm kev khov, kaus poom thiab ziab.

Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov amaranth ua cov chiv ua ntsuab, nws yog cov chiv ntsuab zoo uas ua kom cov av nrog nitrogen zoo.